A generalized Ginsparg-Wilson relation

We show that, under certain general assumptions, any sensible lattice Dirac operator satisfies a generalized form of the Ginsparg-Wilson relation (GWR). Those assumptions, on the other hand, are mostly dictated by large momentum behaviour considerations. We also show that all the desirable properties often deduced from the standard GWR hold true of the general case as well; hence one has, in fact, more freedom to modify the form of the lattice Dirac operator, without spoiling its nice properties. Our construction, a generalized Ginsparg-Wilson relation (GGWR), is satisfied by some known proposals for the lattice Dirac operator. We discuss some of these examples, and also present a derivation of the GGWR in terms of a renormalization group transformation with a blocking which is not diagonal in momentum space, but nevertheless commutes with the Dirac operator.Comment: 16 pages, Latex, no figure

Theoretical approach to labyrinth seal forces - cross-coupled stiffness of a straight-through labyrinth seal

Two kinds of three dimensional flows in a labyrinth seal, a jet flow and a core flow, are considered and theoretical equations are set up concerning the motion of each flow. The pressure distribution within the labyrinth is calculated, when the rotor shaft makes a small displacement from the center line of the casing, keeping parallel with it. The theoretical values of cross coupled stiffness obtained by integrating the pressure under different labyrinth geometries and operating conditions through these formulas are compared with the experimental data

Desperately Seeking Chiral Fermions

Chiral fermions can (presumably) be constructed by introducing two regulators, one for the gauge fields (e.g. a lattice), and another for the fermion functional integrals in a fixed (regulated) gauge field. This talk discusses cutoff effects arising from the regulator of the fermions.Comment: 4 pages, contribution to Lattice '95 Postscript at http://www-theory.fnal.gov/people/ask/TeX/lat95/chiral.p

A Perturbative Study of a General Class of Lattice Dirac Operators

A perturbative study of a general class of lattice Dirac operators is reported, which is based on an algebraic realization of the Ginsparg-Wilson relation in the form $\gamma_{5}(\gamma_{5}D)+(\gamma_{5}D)\gamma_{5} = 2a^{2k+1}(\gamma_{5}D)^{2k+2}$ where $k$ stands for a non-negative integer. The choice $k=0$ corresponds to the commonly discussed Ginsparg-Wilson relation and thus to the overlap operator. We study one-loop fermion contributions to the self-energy of the gauge field, which are related to the fermion contributions to the one-loop $\beta$ function and to the Weyl anomaly. We first explicitly demonstrate that the Ward identity is satisfied by the self-energy tensor. By performing careful analyses, we then obtain the correct self-energy tensor free of infra-red divergences, as a general consideration of the Weyl anomaly indicates. This demonstrates that our general operators give correct chiral and Weyl anomalies. In general, however, the Wilsonian effective action, which is supposed to be free of infra-red complications, is expected to be essential in the analyses of our general class of Dirac operators for dynamical gauge field.Comment: 30 pages. Some of the misprints were corrected. Phys. Rev. D (in press

Processing ceramics

A method of hot hydrostatic pressing of ceramics is described. A detailed description of the invention is given. The invention is explained through an example, and a figure illustrates the temperature and pressure during the hot hydrostatic pressing treatment

Sealing ceramic material in low melting point glass

A structured device placed in an aerated crucible to pack ceramics molding substance that is to be processed was designed. The structure is wrapped by sealing material made of pyrex glass and graphite foil or sheet with a weight attached on top of it. The crucible is made of carbon; the ceramics material to be treated through heat intervenient press process is molding substance consisting mainly of silicon nitride

Asynchronous vibration problem of centrifugal compressor

An unstable asynchronous vibration problem in a high pressure centrifugal compressor and the remedial actions against it are described. Asynchronous vibration of the compressor took place when the discharge pressure (Pd) was increased, after the rotor was already at full speed. The typical spectral data of the shaft vibration indicate that as the pressure Pd increases, pre-unstable vibration appears and becomes larger, and large unstable asynchronous vibration occurs suddenly (Pd = 5.49MPa). A computer program was used which calculated the logarithmic decrement and the damped natural frequency of the rotor bearing systems. The analysis of the log-decrement is concluded to be effective in preventing unstable vibration in both the design stage and remedial actions

Inelastic Scattering from Core-electrons: a Multiple Scattering Approach

The real-space multiple-scattering (RSMS) approach is applied to model non-resonant inelastic scattering from deep core electron levels over a broad energy spectrum. This approach is applicable to aperiodic or periodic systems alike and incorporates ab initio, self-consistent electronic structure and final state effects. The approach generalizes to finite momentum transfer a method used extensively to model x-ray absorption spectra (XAS), and includes both near edge spectra and extended fine structure. The calculations can be used to analyze experimental results of inelastic scattering from core-electrons using either x-ray photons (NRIXS) or electrons (EELS). In the low momentum transfer region (the dipole limit), these inelastic loss spectra are proportional to those from XAS. Thus their analysis can provide similar information about the electronic and structural properties of a system. Results for finite momentum transfer yield additional information concerning monopole, quadrupole, and higher couplings. Our results are compared both with experiment and with other theoretical calculations.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.

Phase Operator for the Photon Field and an Index Theorem

An index relation $dim\ ker\ a^{\dagger}a - dim\ ker\ aa^{\dagger} = 1$ is satisfied by the creation and annihilation operators $a^{\dagger}$ and $a$ of a harmonic oscillator. A hermitian phase operator, which inevitably leads to $dim\ ker\ a^{\dagger}a - dim\ ker\ aa^{\dagger} = 0$, cannot be consistently defined. If one considers an $s+1$ dimensional truncated theory, a hermitian phase operator of Pegg and Barnett which carries a vanishing index can be defined. However, for arbitrarily large $s$, we show that the vanishing index of the hermitian phase operator of Pegg and Barnett causes a substantial deviation from minimum uncertainty in a characteristically quantum domain with small average photon numbers. We also mention an interesting analogy between the present problem and the chiral anomaly in gauge theory which is related to the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. It is suggested that the phase operator problem related to the above analytic index may be regarded as a new class of quantum anomaly. From an anomaly view point ,it is not surprising that the phase operator of Susskind and Glogower, which carries a unit index, leads to an anomalous identity and an anomalous commutator.Comment: 32 pages, Late

Half-Life of 14^{14}O

We have measured the half-life of $^{14}$O, a superallowed $(0^{+} \to 0^{+})$ $\beta$ decay isotope. The $^{14}$O was produced by the $^{12}$C($^{3}$He,n)$^{14}$O reaction using a carbon aerogel target. A low-energy ion beam of $^{14}$O was mass separated and implanted in a thin beryllium foil. The beta particles were counted with plastic scintillator detectors. We find $t_{1/2} = 70.696\pm 0.052$ s. This result is $1.5\sigma$ higher than an average value from six earlier experiments, but agrees more closely with the most recent previous measurement.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure